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Breeding innovations in wheat for resilient cropping systems, subproject F (BRIWECS)

Project


Project code: 031A354F, JKI-RS-08-3379
Contract period: 01.10.2014 - 30.11.2019
Purpose of research: Basic research

Innovations in wheat production over the past decades include besides yield improved canopy and root traits, adaptation to abiotic stress, resistances against biotic stress, better targeted N-fertilization and plant protection, as well as improved tillage and irrigation. Genetic knowledge was enhanced and dense molecular marker maps were developed. The need to further increase yields combined with improved resource efficiency and yield stability will gain importance. This project aims to provide the scientific basis for more resilient cultivars and cropping systems.

220 varieties revealed significant differences in resistance to five fungal pathogens. Infestation of four pathogens (except Septoria) increased significantly at high N supply. Our results are suitable to support cultivation practice in selection of varieties and fertilization. While resistance against stripe rust (SR), powdery mildew (PM), leaf rust (LR), and Fusarium head blight (FHB) could be improved significantly, it decreased against Septoria tritici blotch (STB) in the last 50 years. 375 signif. marker-trait-associations were identified by GWAS (LR 99, SR 107, PM 81, FHB 53, STB 35). These markers are candidates for resistance breeding of side- and management-adapted varieties.

The 220 winter wheat cultivars tested in three years field trials revealed significant differences in resistance to five fungal pathogens and in grain quality. High N supply significantly increased infestation with 4 out of 5 fungal pathogens. Resistances against stripe rust (SR), powdery mildew (PM), leaf rust (LR), and Fusarium head blight (FB) was improved significantly during the last 50 years, but not against Septoria tritici blotch (SB). 59 signif. resistance QTL were detected using GWAS (SR 6, PM 29, FB 23, LR 1, SB 0). Markers for these QTL can be used in wheat breeding for improving resistance.

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